This chapter provides an overview of network principles, standards, and purposes. The following types of networks will be discussed in this chapter:

• Local Area Network (LAN)Basic Networking Concept
• Wide Area Network (WAN)
• Wireless LAN (WLAN)

The different types of network topologies, protocols, and logical models as well as the hardware needed to create a network will also be discussed in this chapter. Configuration, troubleshooting, and preventive maintenance will be covered. You will also learn about network software, communication methods, and hardware relationships.

After completing this chapter, you will meet these objectives:

• Explain the principles of networking.
• Describe types of networks.
• Describe basic networking concepts and technologies.
• Describe the physical components of a network.
• Describe LAN topologies and architectures.
• Identify standards organizations.
• Identify Ethernet standards.
• Explain OSI and TCP/IP data models.
• Describe how to configure a NIC and a modem.
• Identify names, purposes, and characteristics of other technologies used to establish connectivity.
• Identify and apply common preventive maintenance techniques used for networks.
• Troubleshoot a network.